Long-lost Rubens 'masterpiece' sells for almost 3 mn euros

A long-lost painting by 17th-century Flemish master Peter Paul Rubens sold at auction in France on Sunday for nearly three million euros, far exceeding its estimated price. The artwork, depicting Jesus Christ on the cross and painted in 1613, was discovered last year by auctioneer Jean-Pierre Osenat in a Paris mansion.

Osenat, whose auction house sold the painting for €2.94 million ($3.41 million) against an expected €1–2 million, said the work is “a masterpiece” created when Rubens was “at the height of his talent.” The painting, measuring 105.5 by 72.5 centimeters (42 by 29 inches), was likely intended for a private collector despite Rubens producing many religious works for the Church.

Very little was previously known about the painting. Only an engraving by a contemporary of Rubens documented its existence. Later historians catalogued the engraving, though the painting itself had never been seen until its discovery. The auction house traced the painting’s ownership to 19th-century French academic painter William-Adolphe Bouguereau, after which it remained in his family.

Authentication of the painting was confirmed by German art historian Nils Buttner, recognized for his research on Rubens. Osenat explained that the artwork’s provenance was verified using advanced techniques such as X-ray imaging and pigment analysis, which supported its authenticity and historical significance.

“It marks the very beginning of Baroque painting, portraying a crucified Christ, isolated and luminous, standing out vividly against a dark and threatening sky,” Osenat said. The work exemplifies Rubens’ skill in creating dramatic and emotionally powerful religious imagery, characteristic of the Flemish Baroque style.

The painting’s discovery underscores the continued potential for significant finds in private collections and historic properties. Osenat noted that it was unearthed while preparing the Paris mansion for sale, highlighting how masterpieces can remain hidden for centuries.

The auction’s outcome reflects the enduring appeal and value of Rubens’ works in the global art market, with collectors willing to pay a premium for rare, authenticated pieces. Experts anticipate that this rediscovered crucifixion scene will attract scholarly attention and further research, providing new insight into Rubens’ early 17th-century oeuvre and his approach to religious subjects.

The sale also illustrates the intersection of art history, forensic analysis, and the art market, where provenance verification and expert authentication play a crucial role in confirming the legitimacy of long-lost masterpieces.